by Betsy Johnson
The first true examples we have of Ancient Greek jewelry utilize beads shaped in the form of various animals and shells. Around–00 BC the Greeks started to incorporate gold and gemstones into their jewelry designs. By the year 300 BC the Greeks had ventured into the area of colored jewelry utilizing emeralds, amethysts, and pearls.
The Greeks also made cameos from a striped brown pink and cream agate stone known as the Indian Sardonyx. Greek jewelry started off with some simple designs (when compared to other cultures of the time) but as time progressed, the designs grew increasingly more complex with varying materials.
Jewelry was a bit of a luxury in the world of Ancient Greeks. It was not worn in the daily lives of people, but during special occasions or while on public appearances. A common gift of the time, it was often used to show off a lady’s beauty, social status, and incredible wealth. It was thought that jewelry had mystical powers, such as protection from the “Evil Eye”. The “Evil Eye” was a look that another person could send your way to bring you injury or bad luck…or so it was thought. Most of the Greek jewelry of this time period was made from silver and gold, with ivory and gemstones, clay and bronze thrown into the mix as well.
The Ancient Greeks developed two types of jewelry. These types were: (1) cast jewelry pieces and (2) those that were formulated by hammering out sheet metal. We have only a few examples of these cast jewelry pieces available today. They were made by casting the metal onto two molds made out of either clay or stone. These two molds were joined together with wax, and molten metal was poured into the center of the mold. This technique had been passed down since the Ancient Bronze Age. Jewelry made from hammering sheet metal was much more common. Sheet metal was hammered to the desired thickness, and then soldered together.
The Ancient Romans also had jewelry designs as part of their culture. The brooch, an item used to secure clothing together, was the most common example of early Roman jewelry. The Roman Empire was vast and huge, and the Romans took full advantage of this size, incorporating a diverse range of materials from far and wide. In the earlier years they utilized a lot of glass beads and pearls, but in later years they utilized bronze and bone and gold. Imported sapphires from Sri Lanka and Indian diamond (along with amber and emeralds), were also incorporated into their jewelry designs.
The Ancient Romans followed the belief set by the Ancient Romans, and felt that jewelry could be used to ward off the “Evil Eye” (a wish from one’s enemies that could bring injury or other harm). Women often wore jewelry all over their bodies, while men often only wore a ring on one of their fingers. Some men used their own personal taste and wore a number of rings on a number of fingers.
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