The Mantras, necessary for the performance of every religious rite, and celebrated in all the Hindu books, are hymns of invocation or forms of prayer in the sacred Sanscrit language, which have such virtue as to enable him who utters them aright, to enchain the gods themselves. They are of various sorts, invocatory, evocatory, deprecatory, conservatory. They are beneficent or hurtful, salutary or pernicious.
By means of them, all effects may be produced. Some are for casting out the evil spirit and driving him away; some for inspiring love or hatred, for curing diseases or bringing them on, for causing death or averting it. Some are of a contrary nature to others and counteract their effect; the stronger overcoming the influence of the weaker. Some are potent enough to occasion the destruction of a whole army. There are some even whose awful summons the gods themselves are constrained to obey.
Mantras are indispensably necessary to them for accompanying the ceremonies which it is their office to conduct. But in general, all Brahmans are conversant with this Sanscrit strophe : ” Devadhmam jagatsarvam, Mantradhinam taddevata, Tanmantram Brahmanadhinam, Brahmana mama Devata.”
Translated : ‘ All the universe is under the power of the gods ; the gods are subject to the power of the Mantras: the Mantras are under the power of the Brahmans ; the Brahmans are therefore our gods.”
When the Brahmans are rallied upon the present state of their Mantras, wholly divested as they are of their boasted efficacy and power, they answer, that this loss of their influence is to be attributed to the Kali-yu- ga, i. e. the age of the world in which we now live, the iron age, the time of evil and misfortune, in which every thing has degenerated. It is still not uncommon to see the Mantras operate effects as miraculous as formerly ; which they confirm by various stories.
Of all the Mantras, the most celebrated, and at the same time the most effectual for blotting out all sins, and of such potency as to make the gods themselves tremble ( as the Hindu books affirm) is that to which they give the name of Gayatrl, or the Mantra of twenty-four syllables, and which consists of the following words :
” Tat savitur varenyam bhargodevasya
” Dhimahi dhiyo yo naha pracbodayat.”
The meaning of these words—known to but few Brahmans—is: “We meditate on that excellent light of the divine sun : may he illuminate our minds!”
The slightest imperfection or defect in pronouncing the Mantras is supposed to make them ineffective.
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